In the Munich Agreement on September 30, 1938, the British, French, and Italian prime ministers appeased Hitler by giving him what he wanted in the hope he would not want any more. World War II, which took place between September 1939 and September 1945, was the bloodiest conflict in human history. [33], Mason contended that when faced with the deep socio-economic crisis, the Nazi leadership had decided to embark upon a ruthless "smash and grab" foreign policy of seizing territory in Eastern Europe that could be pitilessly plundered to support living standards in Germany. Adolf Hitler, a leader of the Nazi Party, attempted a coup d'état of the Republic in 1923 known as the Beer Hall Putsch, through which he intended to establish a Greater German Reich. Factors such as mass unemployment in Germany and poverty in Japan provoked considerable anger among the citizens, causing them to be swayed by dictatorial governments which made it acceptable to forcefully loot from other countries whenever they wanted. The occupation was done with very little military force, the troops entering on bicycles, and could easily have been stopped had it not been for the appeasement mentality. France could not act because of political instability at the time. President Woodrow Wilson was never able to get the allies to agree to adopt them, indeed, he couldn't even get the U.S. Congress to join the League of Nations. Under the guise of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, with slogans such as "Asia for the Asians!" The Nationalists eventually defeated the Republicans in 1939. At the same time, other Japanese forces attacked the American-held Philippines and the British Empire in Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong. WWII officially began on September 1, 1939 and ended on September 2, 1945. • Europe London's attempt at deterrence failed, but Hitler did not expect a wider war. To start their plans,Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931 and China in 1937 to bolster its meager stock of natural resources (including sugar, rice and tea) and extend its colonial control over a wider area. It will be you tomorrow". The Soviet Union had lost large parts of former Russian Empire territories to Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Romania in World War I and Russian Civil War and was interested in regaining lost territories. Other than a few coal and iron deposits, and a small oil field on Sakhalin Island, Japan lacked strategic mineral resources. • Cold War, • Category:World War II • Bulgaria • Belgium • El Salvador • Battle of Leyte Gulf, 1945 Between 1919 and 1939 Poland pursued a policy of balancing between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, seeking non-aggression treaties with both. Consequently, no fighting occurred and Britain, France and Fascist Italy, who all vehemently opposed such a union, did nothing. By the early 1930s, a highly-militaristic and aggressive national ideology prevailed in Germany, Japan, and Italy. Their ambitious and aggressive domestic and foreign policies reflected the Nazi ideologies of anti-Semitism, unification of all Germans, the acquisition of "living space" (Lebensraum) for agrarian settlers, the elimination of Bolshevism, and the hegemony of an "Aryan"/"Nordic" master race over "sub-humans" (Untermenschen) such as Jews and Slavs. Italy had already conquered both Ethiopia and Albania, and Japan was expanding its imperial realm decades before WWII began, conquering the Korean peninsula, Taiwan, and the southern half of the Far East Soviet island of Sakhalin. That essentially gave the military veto power over the formation of any Cabinet in the ostensibly-parliamentary country. Overy argued against Mason's thesis, maintaining that though Germany was faced with economic problems in 1939, the extent of these problems cannot explain aggression against Poland and the reasons for the outbreak of war were due to the choices made by the Nazi leadership. What was the immediate cause of the US entry into World War 2? Main article: Fascism "Fascism" is a philosophy of government that is marked by stringent social and economic control, a strong, centralized government usually headed by a dictator, and often has a policy of belligerent nationalism that gained power in many countries across Europe in the years leading up to W… [14] The League's methods included disarmament, collective security, settling disputes between countries through negotiation diplomacy, and improving global welfare. [71] The United States declared war upon Japan on the afternoon of 8 December, some nine hours after the United Kingdom, and identified only "unprovoked acts of war against the Government and the people of the United States of America" as the cause. Expansionism is the doctrine of expanding the territorial base (or economic influence) of a country, usually by means of military aggression. • Australia The Prague government resorted to increasingly violent means to suppress the separatists, and the antidemocratic measures that it resorted to only exacerbated tensions. Rapid industrialization and progress through the 19th and 20th centuries meant that Japan was economically and technologically ahead of most of its neighbours.
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