Engineering the antioxidative properties of lactic acid bacteria for improving its robustness. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.051250-0. Many parameters/variables differ, e.g., media and oxygen transfer. (2006). Results showed that 14 strains had both OTP and RCP, while two strains had only the RCP. Biotechnol. Survival to harsh conditions is an essential prerequisite for probiotic bacteria before reaching the target site where they can exert their health promoting effects (Expert Committee FAO/WHO, 2002). All strains showed a strong resistance to saliva juice, suggesting a high ability to survive in the presence of lysozyme. Cell Fact. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (Pdh) provides extra NADH from pyruvate when oxygen is present. Enter your email address below and we will send you the reset instructions, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to reset your password, Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username. The presence of genes coding for the main enzymes involved in oxygen utilization (pyruvate oxidase, pox; acetate kinase, ack; lactate oxidase, lox; NADH oxidase, nox), electron transport chain (NADH dehydrogenase, ndh; cytochrome bd oxidase, cydABCD operon; menaquinone biosynthesis complex, menFDXBEC, and ubiquinone/menaquinone biosynthesis methyltransferase, ubiE) and oxidative stress response (heme- and manganese-dependent catalases, kat and Mnkat; manganese-dependent SOD, sodA; thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system, trx-trxB; glutathione peroxidase/reductase system, gop and gor; NADH peroxidase, npr) was evaluated in the finished, draft and permanent draft genomes of L. johnsonii and L. gasseri from IMG/M database2 (Supplementary Table S1).
Several authors have demonstrated by comparative genomic analysis [7], [44], [45] that the acquisition of exogenous genes or gene clusters in L. casei can occur through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and this mechanism may improve the fitness of strains and explain their genetic and metabolic versatility. OD600 = 4 was chosen as the reference for each sample point. doi: 10.1111/jam.13399, Zotta, T., Ricciardi, A., Guidone, A., Sacco, M., and Muscariello, L. (2012). (2014). with in vitro probiotic properties from human faeces and traditional fermented products. Strains that showed H2O2-degrading capability were further tested to quantify the enzymatic activity. Tejero-Sariñena et al. L. casei and L. paracasei, contrarily to L. rhamnosus, have sequences encoding for superoxide dismutase (50% of minimum identity with the sodA gene of L. sakei subsp. The capability to inhibit the growth of pathogenic and spoilage bacteria varied among L. johnsonii/gasseri strains. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2010.12.001, Lechardeur, D., Fernandez, A., Robert, B., Gaudu, P., Trieu-Cuot, P., Lamberet, G., et al. doi: 10.1007/s11274-013-1334-0, Harel, O. C., and Storz, S. (2000). here. Opin. In contrast, the respiring WT strain thrived. Pyruvate buildup leads to synthesis of acetate or the neutral acetoin and diacetyl. (2002). Microb. Microbiol. No, Is the Subject Area "Oxidative stress" applicable to this article? Word J. Microbiol. The strain AL5 showed a catalase activity in both growth conditions, while AL3 showed this activity only in respiratory condition. FIGURE 3. Eleven ancestral species (see Wu et al.
2001, Koebmann et al. However, consumer perception and demand have driven the replacement ...Read More. J. P. Brown and , P. J. VanDemark . Aerobic and respiratory cultivations may affect growth performances, metabolite production and stress tolerance in Lactobacillus species. Taxonomic Lactobacillus composition of feces from human newborns during the first few days. 78, 644–650. Ten microarrays were produced from OD600 from 2 to 47 as indicated on the x-axis.
The value of the blue line is essentially 0 because of normalization.
Instead, menaquinone may act as a central respiratory chain component delivering electrons from reducers (such as NADH dehydrogenase) to terminal oxidases (such as CydAB) (Brooijmans et al., 2009). doi: 10.1134/S0003683810050030, Kwarteng, J. O., Debrah, K., Akabanda, F., and Jespersen, L. (2015). doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.01.017, Zotta, T., Ricciardi, A., Ianniello, R. G., Parente, E., Reale, A., Rossi, F., et al. Food Microbiol. Appl. The arrays were produced and analyzed as described (Pedersen et al. However, the ability to produce organic acids should be a useful feature to reduce colonization of pathogenic microorganisms in human GIT. 6:164. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00164, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, Amaretti, A., di Nunzio, M., Pompei, A., Raimondi, S., Rossi, M., and Bordoni, A.
After 24 h of incubation at optimal growth temperature of indicator strains the antimicrobial activity was detected by the presence of a clear growth inhibition zone around the colony of tested strain. Heme and menaquinone induced electron transport in lactic acid bacteria. In both agar spot test and a well diffusion agar test results were calculated as the mean of three experiments. Figure 2: Representative food colorants from natural sources, organized according to their hue.
▪ Resistance to radically new technologies, which break with the dogma of lactic acid bacteria being produced under anaerobic conditions. Microbiology 158(Pt 4), 953–962.
Moreover, data on stress response mechanisms of L. casei group are limited to a small number of strains and conditions and, generally, have been carried 110, 375–386. Respiration metabolism increases growth yield and improves fitness. Is the Subject Area "Catalases" applicable to this article? Because of ...Read More, Brendan A. NiemiraAnnual Review of Food Science and TechnologyVol. Food Microbiol.
This study shows that growth under respiration conditions has a negative impact on the survival of stationary-phase cultures of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 at low pHs and that viability loss at critical values is associated with the formation of radicals and loss of membrane integrity. If you already have an account, log in to access the content to which you are entitled. On the basis of genotypic (rep-PCR analysis) and phenotypic (i.e., cell and colony morphology, growth performance, planktonic or aggregated growth in MRS broth) characteristics, a total of 80 strains were selected and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. On the basis of the different rep-PCR profiles, 34 strains of L. johnsonii/gasseri were selected and used to investigate the potential probiotic features and the capability to grow in presence of oxygen and oxidative stress conditions. (2011). LAB have an interrupted or incomplete citric acid cycle (KEGG pathway; http://www.genome.jp/kegg/). “Oxidative stress and oxygen metabolism in lactic acid bacteria,” in Lactic Acid Bacteria and Bifidobacteria: Current Progress in Advanced Research, eds K. Sonomoto and Y. Atsushi (Poole: Caister Academic Press), 91–102. (2009). Yes doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00213-17, Mills, S., Stanton, C., Fitzgerald, G. F., and Ross, R. P. (2011). For further information, and to obtain pricing for your institution, visit the Librarian Resource Center. Must comply with legislation and religious constraints, especially when producing cultures for global distribution. The inhibitory activity demonstrated with agar spot test could be due to a lowering of pH due to organic acids production; indeed, it disappeared when free cell supernatants were neutralized. Ultrastructure and sites of tetranitro-blue tetrazolium reduction of, Copyright © 2020 Canadian Science Publishing, Forgot password? Instead, remaining genes were found at very low % in both species, with exclusion of gor gene that was found in all L. johnsonii genomes and lacking in only two L. gasseri genomes. Noteworthy, SOD sequences are relatively rare in Lactobacillus genus and occur only in some strains of Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, L. sakei, Lactobacillus curvatus, and Lactobacillus paracasei species (Yamamoto et al., 2011; Zotta et al., 2017).
(2003). [43] and the degradation of H2O2 was also observed under anaerobic cultivation without heme supplementation. 2001). both personnel and equipment/factories, to change to a radically new production method. Probiotic performances and robustness can be compromised by exposure to various environmental stresses, including acid, cold, drying, starvation, oxidative, and osmotic stresses, that may affect the physiological status and the functional properties of bacterial cells (Zhang et al., 2013). Effect of respiration and manganese on oxidative stress resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1. Effect of respirative cultures of Lactobacillus casei on model sourdough fermentation, Growth of Lactobacillus rhamnosus 64 in whey permeate and study of the effect of mild stresses on survival to spray drying, Large-Scale Phylogenomics of the Lactobacillus casei Group Highlights Taxonomic Inconsistencies and Reveals Novel Clade-Associated Features, Effect of respirative and catalase-positive Lactobacillus casei adjuncts on the production and quality of Cheddar-type cheese. Final approval of the version to be published: TZ EP A. Ricciardi RI FR A. Reale LI GC RC. To date, with the exception of studies on L. plantarum [12–19], reports on the aerobic and/or respiratory metabolism in other species of Lactobacillus are rare [20–22]. TEXT. Chem. 82, 632–639. In members of L. plantarum and L. casei groups the aerobic respiration did not increase the growth rate compared to anaerobic cultivation, but promoted biomass yield (Brooijmans et al .
Scatter plot of OD650 ratio against pH ratio in AE/AN of L. johnsonii/gasseri strains. Ratios between OD and pH values (AE/AN, RS/AN) measured in the different growth conditions were calculated and used to identify the phenotype of each strain. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00659-06, Guidone, A., Ianniello, R. G., Ricciardi, A., Zotta, T., and Parente, E. (2013). 2, 348–359. A scenario for the successive loss of H, M, and C functions is shown on the branches of both trees (colored squares), the putative addition of cyd genes in Streptococcus agalactiae is indicated by a white +C square. Lactobacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobes or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. Lactobacillus casei, L. plantarum and L. sakei groups are apparently best equipped to deal with aerobic/respiratory growth. Production of H2O2 and ROS compounds may be harmful for gut mucosal cells, contributing to the increase of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD; [46]), and, therefore, the identification of L. casei strains with intrinsic H2O2- and ROS-degrading activities could be relevant in human health studies. 2009a, Gaudu et al. As a matter of fact, Hertzberger et al. Aerobic metabolism and oxidative stress tolerance in the Lactobacillus plantarum group. Permissi... Samantha L. Lammie and James M. HughesAnnual Review of Food Science and TechnologyVol. Five milliliters of AN, AE, and RS cultures standardized at OD650 = 1 were centrifuged at 13,000 g for 5 min and the resulting pellet mixed with 1.0 ml of 60 mM H2O2 in 50 mM PBS pH 7. Figure 3: Paschen ionization curves obtained for helium (He), neon (Ne), argon (Ar), hydrogen (H2), and nitrogen (N2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099189, Zotta, T., Ricciardi, A., Parente, E., Reale, A., Ianniello, R. G., and Bassi, D. (2016). doi: 10.1073/pnas.0307327101, Pulliainen, A. T., Haataja, S., Kähkönen, S., and Finne, J. doi: 10.1128/JB.187.2.601-610.2005, Vizoso, M., Charles, M. A. P., Schillinger, F., and Holzapfel, W. P. (2006).
Technol. For several strains, the respiratory growth increased the resistance to H2O2. Lactobacillus plantarum is also equipped for anaerobic respiration, which also requires heme, using nitrate reductase (Nrd) as the terminal enzyme to deliver the electron to nitrate rather than to O 2 (Brooijmans et al. Copyright © 2018 Maresca, Zotta and Mauriello.
Rev. Anaerobe 18, 530–538. Drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content: TZ EP A. Ricciardi FR A. Reale LI GC RC. Cloning, sequence and phenotypic expression of katA, which encodes the catalase of Lactobacillus sake LTH677. 2016). Ecol.
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