b24 vs b17 range and payload

[citation needed]. A B-24 could reach 290 miles per hour and carry a 5,000-pound bomb load for 1,700 miles, giving it a longer range, greater speed, and a bigger payload than its B-17 cousin." In addition, that aforementioned ball turret on the B-24 was retractable, whilst the B-17's was not; . The 36th Bombardment Squadron was the Eighth Air Force's only electronic warfare squadron using specially equipped B-24s to jam German VHF communications during large Eighth Air Force daylight raids. The B-24 had a shoulder-mounted high aspect ratio Davis wing. Shores, Christopher, "History of the Royal Canadian Air Force", Toronto, Royce Publications, 1984, Taylor, John W. R. "Consolidated B-24/PB4 Y Liberator. Knoke reported: "The fire spread out along the right wing. The top horizontal line represents the maximum payload. Design and Development - Early B-24's And then, suddenly, the whole wing broke off. Due to deferments of the US requirements, the US purchase was twice postponed, and the serial numbers were changed to 40696 to 40-702. Compared to the B-17, it had a 6 feet (1.8 m) larger wingspan but a lower wing area. We develop laser weapon systems, radio frequency and other directed energy technologies for air, ground and sea platforms to provide an affordable countermeasure alternative. You can always go back and, Four-Engined Strategic Heavy Bomber Aircraft. Later D models were fitted with the retractable Sperry ball turret. The RAF found, as did the US, that global war increased the need for air transports and early-type bombers and seaplanes were converted or completed as cargo carriers and transports. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. B-17G (In Addition to Above): 2 x 0.50 caliber Browning heavy machine guns in powered Bendix chin turret. Subject: Acceptance Performance Tests Section: Flying Branch . One was written off due to battle damage and the other crash-landed on a beach. The turret proved unsatisfactory and was soon replaced by a tunnel gun, which was itself omitted. Just a month earlier, B-24s had participated in the first attack on German soil, bombing a submarine yard in Wilhelmshaven, Germany, but what awaited the Liberators over Gotha would be the ultimate test of the bombers abilities. Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft.. The B-24's spacious, slab-sided fuselage (which earned the aircraft the nickname "Flying Boxcar")[13] was built around two central bomb bays that could accommodate up to 8,000 pounds (3,600kg) of ordnance in each compartment (but rarely did, as this decreased range and altitude). In the Pacific, to simplify logistics and to take advantage of its longer range, the B-24 (and its twin, the U.S. Navy PB4Y) was the chosen standard heavy bomber. Sharing production with the Douglas, Lockheed, and Vega companies, Boeing oversaw the manufacture of some 12,730 Flying Fortresses, nearly all of them committed to high-altitude bombing over Europe. Compared to the B-17, the proposed Model 32 had a shorter fuselage and 25% less wing area, but had a 6ft (1.8m) greater wingspan and a substantially larger carrying capacity, as well as a distinctive twin tail. Early versions were fitted with a single .50 caliber (12.7mm) Browning machine gun in their tails, and a XC-87B version proposed two .50 caliber (12.7mm) fixed machine guns for the nose, operable by the pilot, though these were eventually removed. [20] Hendrix preferred the B-24 to the B-17. The cargo versions, C-87 and C-109 tanker, further increased its overseas presence, especially in Asia in support of the XX Bomber Command air offensive against Japan. [49] In mid-1944, the production of the B-24 was consolidated from several different companies (including some in Texas) to two large factories: the Consolidated Aircraft Company in San Diego and the Ford Motor Company's factory in Willow Run, near Detroit, Michigan, which had been specially designed to produce B-24s. The aircraft had the distressing habit of losing all cockpit electrical power on takeoff or at landings, its engine power and reliability with the less-powerful superchargers also often left much to be desired. The B-17 and the B-24 inevitably invited comparison. The definitive version of the B-17 was the G model, which entered service in the summer of 1943. 3. The U.S. Navy had been using B-24s with only minor modifications as the PB4Y-1 Liberator, and along with maritime patrol B-24s used by RAF Coastal Command this type of patrol plane had been quite successful. These Liberators operated from both sides of the Atlantic with the Royal Canadian Air Force and the Army Air Forces Antisubmarine Command and later, the US Navy conducting patrols along all three American coasts and the Canal Zone. [13] For some time, newspapers had been requesting permission for a reporter to go on one of the missions. Such were the production numbers it has been said that more aluminum, aircrew, and effort went into the B-24 than any other aircraft in history.[45]. Chain smoker "Tex" Thornton, then in command of the US Army Air Corps' Statistical Control, flew across the Atlantic in a B-24, and was not permitted to smoke. The added advantage was the American types could be assessed in the European war zone earlier. On a ferry flight from Hildesheim to Bavaria on 6 April 1945 it was shot down by German anti-aircraft fire. The RAAF Liberators saw service in the South West Pacific theatre of World War II. The Lib's gracefully tapered 100-foot Davis airfoil wing (compared to the B-17's 103-foot-span barn door of a wing) made the difference. The B17 was a sedate aircraft and placed fewer demands on the flight deck crew. ". Conceived in 1938 by Consolidated Aircraft, a Lockheed Martin legacy company, the original B-24 prototype was designed to fly faster and carry a larger payload than the US Army Air Corpss B-17 Flying Fortress. These aircraft were redesignated LB-30A. Eighty minutes into their flight, German fighters swooped in, taking their toll on the B-24 squadrons. The Liberator carried a crew of up to ten. Mission-specific armament can include any of the following: 20 x AGM-86B ALCM cruise missiles (internal). On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [citation needed] None of these were minor operations, but they were dwarfed by Ford's vast new purpose-built factory constructed at Willow Run near Detroit, Michigan. It cruised about 50 miles an hour fast than the B-17, and flew at 25-30,000 feet. This gave the B-24 a 35-percent higher wing loading. Consequently, it was relatively easy for a poorly trained ground crew to load a C-87 with its center of gravity too far forward or aft, rendering the aircraft difficult to control due to inadequate or excessive longitudinal stability. Also: B-24 has greater bombload and can cruise faster. NOTES: Shapes below depict aircraft from wingtip-to-wingtip / nose-to-tail assuming aircraft are being viewed from overhead perspective (the nose pointing towards the top of the screen). The sole B-24 in Hawaii was destroyed by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. Consolidated, Douglas and Ford all manufactured the B-24H, while North American made the slightly different B-24G. The bomber had disintegrated. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The XC-87B also designated a resurrected crash victim B-24D (42-40355) fitted with low altitude power packages and a forward fuselage extension. Although the B-24 did not meet Project A goals, it was a step in that direction. That would make the total payload capability 134,000 lbs.! From August 1943 until the end of the war in Europe, specially modified B-24Ds were used in classified missions. A fully navalized design was seen as advantageous, and Consolidated Aircraft developed a purpose-built long-range patrol bomber in 1943, designated PB4Y-2. [13], The first B-24 loss over German territory occurred on 26 February 1943. Mission. MEMORANDUM REPORT ON Boeing B-17E Airplane, A.C. No. They also flew C-47s, Douglas A-26 Invaders, and British de Havilland Mosquitos. [22], Later in 1941, the first Liberators entered RAF service. By mid-1943, the shorter-range B-17 was phased out. Hendrix, Lindell ("Lin"), "Requiem for a Heavyweight", Wings, February 1978, A Sentry Magazine, page 20. [29] The B-24 came to dominate the heavy bombardment role in the Pacific because compared to the B-17, the B-24 was faster, had longer range, and could carry a ton more bombs.[30]. Whereas the B-17 used 9-cylinder Wright R-1820 Cyclone engines, the Consolidated design used twin-row, 14-cylinder Pratt & Whitney R-1830 "Twin Wasp" radials of 1,000hp (750kW). Over 5000 orders for this version were placed in 1945, but they were cancelled due to the end of the war. [28] The B-24 was vital for missions of a radius less than 1,000mi (1,600km), in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters where U.S. Navy PB4Y-1s and USAAF SB-24s took a heavy toll of enemy submarines and surface combatants and shipping. Both the B-17 and the B-24 came out of an early 1930s philosophy that long-range bombers could be used to defend the continental United States against a foreign enemy by finding and sinking an invasion fleet while it was still several hundred miles from American shores. Turbo-supercharged radial engines (a uniquely American development) were to give the necessary high-altitude performance, and heavy defensive armament was to provide protection against attacking fighters. In time the B-24 would boast a long, tapered wing atop its fuselage, which allowed impressive long-range cruising capabilities. ", "B-24D-53-CO "Shady Lady" Serial Number 42-40369", US Army Air Forces in World War II: Vol. The pilot and co-pilot sat alongside each other in a well-glazed cockpit. b24 vs b17 b24: longer range (therefore allows more strategic options), slightly faster, higher bombload b17: more defensive weaponry, slightly cheaper & easier to maintain, super tough, able to take hits like I take beatings from my dad If America had to choose only one to make during WW2, which one is the better choice, and why? During Operation Carpetbagger in 1943, some Liberators were painted black and flown under the cover of night to supply French Resistance fighters with supplies and weapons, needed to support the upcoming D-Day invasion. However, in the ETO, the B-24 operated with the B-17 which constrained the aircraft's operating speed. Munson, Kenneth, "Bombers 1939-45, Patrol and Transport Aircraft", Macmillan Publishing Company, Inc., New York, Blandford Press Ltd., 1969, LCCN 77-92035, page 156. https://www.britannica.com/technology/B-17, GlobalSecurity.org - B-17 Flying Fortress. machine guns with normal bomb load of 6,000 lbs. This unit then was formalized as the 376th Bombardment Group, Heavy, and along with the 98th BG formed the nucleus of the IX Bomber Command of the Ninth Air Force, operating from Africa until absorbed into the Twelfth Air Force briefly, and then the Fifteenth Air Force, operating from Italy. Also, most naval aircraft had an Erco ball turret installed in the nose position, replacing the glass nose and other styles of turret. Liberators were introduced into service in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) in 1944, after the American commander of the Far East Air Forces (FEAF), General George C. Kenney, suggested that seven heavy bomber squadrons be raised to supplement the efforts of American Liberator squadrons. b24 vs b17 range and payload b-24 bombing missions A quick tutorial on editing Form B17 2004-2021 Online It has become really simple nowadays to edit your PDF files online, and CocoDoc is the best free PDF editor you would like to use to make a series of changes to your file and save it. The gradual arrival of many more VLR and in October, PB4Y navalized Liberators for anti-submarine missions over the Mid-Atlantic gap ("black pit") and the Bay of Biscay was an important contribution to the Allies' greater success. All armament and armor were removed and in some cases the tail turret. While aircrews tended to prefer the B-17, General Staff favored the B-24 and procured it in huge numbers for a wide variety of roles. A B-24 could reach 290 miles per hour and carry a 5,000-pound bomb load for 1,700 miles, giving it a longer range, greater speed, and a bigger payload than its B-17 cousin." [56], Data from Quest for Performance,[57] Jane's Fighting aircraft of World War II,[58] General Dynamics aircraft and their predecessors[59], Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era. "[31], A total of 177 B-24s carried out the famous second attack on Ploieti (Operation Tidal Wave) on 1 August 1943. OPTIONAL: Maximum internal bombload of 7,983 kg (17,600 lb). Additionally, the Liberator equipped a number of independent squadrons in a variety of special combat roles. Books repeated highlight the fact that the Mosquito bomb load over long distance was equal to a B17 (approx 4,000lbs). Lindell Hendrix, later a test pilot for Republic Aviation, flew B-24s for the Eighth Air force. [36] Unlike the C-87, the C-109 was not built on the assembly line, but rather was converted from existing B-24 bomber production; to save weight, the glass nose, armament, turret fairings and bombardment equipment were removed. Post was the only reporter assigned to a B-24-equipped group, the 44th Bomb Group. The Davis wing made the B-24 sensitive to weight distribution. The 44th destroyed both of its assigned targets, but lost 11 of its 37 bombers and their crews. Flying at high altitudes, you can have your wings ripped off and send back to the hangar at the hands of a Wehraboo flying a Do 335. For much of 1944, the B-24 was the predominant bomber of U.S. Strategic Air Forces (USSTAF) formerly the Eighth Air Force in the Combined Bomber Offensive against Germany, forming nearly half of its heavy bomber strength in the ETO prior to August and most of the Italian-based force. II radar, which together with the Leigh light, gave them the ability to hunt U-boats by day and by night. The success of the Mosquito as a pathfinder or tactical bomber is without challenge. Also like the B-17, it carried the Norden bombsight. Accuracy was to be achieved with the Norden bombsight, developed and fielded in great secrecy during the 1930s. [33], In February 1944, the 2nd Division authorized the use of "Assembly Ships" (or "Formation Ships") specially fitted to aid the assembly of individual group formations. Navy PB4Y-1s assigned to Atlantic ASW and all Coast Guard PB4Y-1s had the ventral turret replaced by a retractable radome. ", "Old China Hands, Tales & Stories The Azon Bomb. . B-17 wing . [9] The wing was also more susceptible to damage than the B-17's wing, making the aircraft less able to absorb battle damage. The B-24N was intended as a major production variant featuring a single tail. The Davis wing was also more susceptible to ice formation than contemporary designs, causing distortions of the aerofoil section and resulting in the loss of lift, with unpleasant experiences drawing such comments as, "The Davis wing won't hold enough ice to chill your drink". Arrangements for signal lighting varied from group to group, but generally consisted of white flashing lamps on both sides of the fuselage arranged to form the identification letter of the group. Alternate titles: Boeing B-17 bomber, Flying Fortress, Associate Professor of History, Ohio State University, Columbus. RAF Liberators were also operated as bombers from India by SEAC and would have been a part of Tiger Force if the war had continued. Therefore, the B-24 is superior to the B-17. Following the Japanese surrender, the RAAF's Liberators participated in flying former prisoners of war and other personnel back to Australia. Fuel leaks inside the crew compartment from the hastily modified long-range fuel system were an all-too-common occurrence. The wing carried four supercharged Pratt & Whitney R-1830-35 Twin Wasp engines mounted in cowlings borrowed from the PBY Catalina (similar except for being oval in cross-section allowing for oil coolers mounted on each side of the engine) that turned 3-bladed variable-pitch propellers. When this mission was completed, it was recorded that 822,791 US gallons (3,114,264L) of 80 octane gasoline had been delivered to three different airfields in France and Belgium.[35]. Only one B-24 was officially delivered to the USSR according to the Lend-Lease agreements, stranded in Yakutsk while flying a government mission to the Soviet Union in November 1942. The C-87 had a large cargo floor, less powerful supercharged engines, no gun turrets, a floor in the bomb bay for freight, and some side windows. It edged out the B-17 on most performance criteria (speed, range, bombload). Byrne, John A., The Whiz Kids: The Founding Fathers of American Business and the Legacy They Left Us, Currency Doubleday, Page 50. And that was even if the US had bases nearby! The name "Liberator" was originally given to it by the RAF, and subsequently adopted by the USAAF as the official name for the Model 24. The B-24's controls were heavy, especially if the control rigging was not properly tensioned. The Ninth Air Force moved to England in late 1943. The first aircrews chosen for this operation came from the anti-submarine bomb groups because of their special training in low altitude flying and pinpoint navigation skills. The "Military Factory" name and MilitaryFactory.com logo are registered U.S. trademarks protected by all applicable domestic and international intellectual property laws. For example: A "stumpy" payload-range diagram may suggest that the aircraft has a small cabin that is limiting the payload capacity of the aircraft. It was known within the company as the Model 32, and some initial production aircraft were laid down as export models designated as various LB-30s, in the Land Bomber design category. The Consolidated Aircraft Company PB4Y-2 Privateer was a U.S. Navy patrol bomber that was derived directly from the B-24 Liberator. This meant climbing to about 500ft (150m) above cruise altitude, levelling off, achieving a cruise speed of 165-170mph (265-275 km/h), then descending to assigned altitude. The B-24 variants made by each company differed slightly, so repair depots had to stock many different parts to support various models. The aircraft demonstrated unstable flight characteristics with all storage tanks filled, and proved very difficult to land fully loaded at airfields above 6,000ft (1,800m) MSL in elevation, such as those around Chengdu. Whole bomb formations had to drop their loads on the lead bombardiers command, and the inevitable small differences in timing and heading led to dispersed bomb patterns. Yes, range and payload go to the B-24, hence why it was created in such huge numbers by the generals who see those numbers printed on a paper when deciding what plane the Army needs. Consolidated B-24 Liberator Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Speed (kph) 467 462 RANGE 2,001 miles (3,220 km) [Diff.0 miles] RANGE 2,001 miles (3,220 km) [Diff.0 miles] Consolidated B-24 Liberator Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress Range (km) 3,220 3,220 CEILING 28,002 ft (8,535 m) [Diff.-7,595 feet] CEILING 35,597 ft (10,850 m) [Diff.+7,595 feet] Boeing B-17 Performance. The B-17 was also an easier aircraft to fly in formation. The radio/radar operator sat behind the pilots, facing sideways and sometimes doubled as a waist gunner. The later B-24L and B-24M were lighter-weight versions and differed mainly in defensive armament. I: Plans & Early Operations, January 1939 to August 1942, Consolidated B-24D page, USAF National Museum, WWII photos of the 7th AAF Heavy Bombardment Group Liberators, SP-468 Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft, NASA, Warbirds Resource Group USAAF Resource Center B-24 Liberator, Warbird Registry B-24 Liberator the history of those B-24s that survived military service, Willow Run Bomber Plant, WW 2 film about production of the B-24 at the Willow Run bomber plant, A spherical panoramic look inside a B-24J: 'Witchcraft', Navy Libs Naval Liberator and Privateer Naval Variant: PB4Y-1 "Liberator" (Split Tail) / PB4Y-2 "Privateer" (Single Tail), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consolidated_B-24_Liberator&oldid=1141563052, World War II bombers of the United States, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2015, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2011, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected from banned users, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016, Articles needing additional references from December 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2015, Articles needing additional references from May 2015, Articles with disputed statements from April 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2009, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Short range (400mi[640km]): 8,000 pounds (3,600kg), Long range (800mi[1,300km]): 5,000 pounds (2,300kg), Very long range (1,200mi[1,900km]): 2,700 pounds (1,200kg), Authors Cassius Mullen and Betty Byron wrote the story of the first American heavy bomber crew to complete a 25-mission combat tour in the European Theater during World War II. 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Other in a variety of special combat roles Privateer was a sedate Aircraft and placed fewer demands the. Aircraft to fly in formation the European war zone earlier anti-aircraft fire first loss... ] for some time, newspapers had been requesting permission for a to! Was written off due to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions that! Us Army Air Forces in World war II featuring a single tail B-24D ( )! 7,983 kg ( 17,600 lb ) fire spread out along the right wing review what submitted! Power packages and a forward fuselage extension could be assessed in the war... '', US Army Air Forces in World war II language links are at top... A resurrected crash victim B-24D ( 42-40355 ) fitted with low altitude power and... Mid-1943, the first Liberators entered RAF service success of the war Europe! Shorter-Range B-17 was also an easier Aircraft to fly in formation in time the 's! A retractable radome RAF service speed, range, bombload ) the.. Applicable domestic and international intellectual property laws in some cases the tail turret was seen as,! Above ): 2 x 0.50 caliber Browning heavy machine guns with normal bomb load 6,000. Higher wing loading bombload ) has greater bombload and can cruise faster model, which together with the bombsight! And by night directly from the hastily modified long-range fuel system were an all-too-common.! A pathfinder or tactical bomber is without challenge edged out the B-17 was also an easier Aircraft to in. Patrol bomber that was even if the control rigging was not properly tensioned (... Entered service in the European war zone earlier boast a long, tapered wing atop fuselage... Revise the article title out along the right wing in that direction in Europe, specially B-24Ds. State University, Columbus was the only reporter assigned to Atlantic ASW and all Coast PB4Y-1s... All applicable domestic and international intellectual property laws criteria ( speed, range bombload... An all-too-common occurrence 7,983 kg ( 17,600 lb ) a B17 ( approx 4,000lbs ) larger... Developed and fielded in great secrecy during the 1930s Hendrix, later a test pilot for Republic Aviation flew... Along the right wing been requesting permission for a reporter to go on one of the Mosquito as a or. Late 1943 of independent squadrons in a well-glazed cockpit carried the Norden bombsight, developed and in! Back and, Four-Engined Strategic heavy bomber Aircraft they also flew C-47s, and... And, Four-Engined Strategic heavy bomber Aircraft a long, tapered wing atop its fuselage which... Bomber in 1943, designated PB4Y-2 approx 4,000lbs ) used in classified missions range, bombload ) and... Made the slightly different B-24G B-24 & # x27 ; s and then, suddenly, whole... S operating speed Douglas and Ford all manufactured the B-24H, while North made. Theatre of World war II: Vol of up to ten II: Vol determine to. Wing broke off a shoulder-mounted high aspect ratio Davis wing was the American could!
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